I. Read and translate the text.
Truck is a motor vehicle used to carry freight. Trucks transport a wide variety of cargo. They carry food to
grocery stores and gasoline to service stations. Trucks carry manufactured products from factories to stores. In
fact, trucks transport nearly everything we eat, wear, and use. Trucking is a major industry in the United States.
The United States has about 40 million trucks. Canada has over 3 million trucks. Trucking is also important in
many other countries.
Trucks are built for rugged work. Most trucks have more powerful engines than automobiles have because
trucks must carry heavy loads, often over long distances. The engines of large trucks have from about 200 to
more than 400 horsepower. In comparison the engines of automobiles have from about 75 to 225 horsepower.
Some trucks are powered by diesel fuel. Others operate on gasoline.
Trucks have a wide variety of industrial, agricultural, and governmental uses.In addition, trucks have certain
special uses.
Industrial uses. Many industries use trucks to haul raw materials to factories and to carry manufactured
products to warehouses and stores. Trucks also transport manufactured parts to assembly plants, where finished
products are made.
Agricultural uses. Trucks are used to transport almost all fruits, vegetables, and livestock from farms to
markets. Farmers use trucks to haul fertilizer, livestock feed, farm machinery, and other items.
Governmental uses. Federal, state, and city governments use trucks in the construction and maintenance of
bridges, roads, and parks. In cities, police and fire departments require trucks. Trucks are also used in cities to
sweep streets, clear away snow, and collect garbage.
Special uses. Many people use trucks to move their furniture, household goods,
and personal belongings from one house to another.
II. Read and learn the words and word-combinations.
| Truck- вантажівка Rugged – важкий Cargo- вантажний Raw materials- сировина Assembly plants- завод, що займається збіркою чогось Personal belongings- особисті речі, майно |
To haul – перевозити Freight- вантаж Horsepower- кінська сила Garbage – сміття Livestock- худоба |
III. Answer the questions to the text.
1. What is truck?
2. Why do many industries use trucks?
3. What do trucks operate on?
4. In what way do federal , state, and city governments use trucks?
IV. Translate the following word-combinations into English.
Бакалійна крамниця, довгі дистанції, корм для худоби, сировина, кінцеві продукти, підмітати вулиці,
збирати сміття, особисті речі, промислові товари, дизельне пальне.
V. Restore the original sentences and translate them into Ukrainian.
1. work /Trucks /are/ rugged /built/ for /.
2. use /trucks/ to/ fertilizer/ haul/ feed, farm/, livestock/ machinery/, and/ other
items./ Farmers.
3. trucks /are /Some /powered/ by/ fuel/ diesel .
4. transport/ /wear,/nearly /trucks everything /we /eat,/ In /fact, / and /use.